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nnrrnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM F. DOERFLINGER, OF STATEN ISLAND, NEW Yong,

E'YBOKYLIN comrosrr'xon annrnocnss OF MA NG SAME.

No Drawing.

Making Same, of'irhich the following" a specification.

My invention relates to the nianutaeturt: of pyroxylin compositions containing OllS such as is required where a very flexible film or coating is desired. volres the use of a solvent for the. pyroxylin comprising diacetone alcohol, which is an excellent solvent of pyroxylin and nnparts many desirable qualities to solutions of pyroxlyin of which it. is a component. Among; its useful properties for the purpose may he mentioned the fact that it is what is known as a non-blushing solvent, that is, .iyroxylin does not tend to precipitate out 0 a solution in diacetone alcohol to make a ivhite or mottled film as is ,t-hecase with some solvents when the humidity is above a certain degree.

attempts :todo this hitherto have. resulted in compositions which. when ,spread and allowed to evaporate resulted-in nondiomogeneousfilms orcoatings-.. which were weak,

Tlns asbe sticky and cloudy orspotted, cause of the separation of the oil usually in the later stages of drying, theoil apparently heingl thrown out iUf intimate association with the nitmcellulose. This phenomenon, sometimes known asfspewing out. the oil}? .is the more -remarkable when it is known that diacetone' alcohol is a good solvent for pyroxylin and-apparently for the oils com. monly used in conjunction with nitrocellulose, such, forinstance, as castor oil. a

For many purposes, suclras leather coat mg, manufacture of artificial leather (cloth Specification 01' Letters Patent.

The invention in;

Diacetone 'altphol also tends to pro duce;aalesirablerate, of ei aporat on of the a method 0 Patented Nov. 4, 1919.

Application filed December 6. 191a. Seria! No 965,502.

hacking coated with nitrocellulose composition), and in fact most purposes where a very flexible film or coating is desired, the

presence of oil homogeneously combined with the pyroxyhn. so that the oil will not separate "from the pyroXylin on evaporation of the volatilesolrenjt, is'essential. No one has, sofar as i am aware, hitherto been able to produce [such solutions witlrsolvents of which diacetone alcohol is a component.

I have found that compositions of pyroxylin. non-drying oils, and volatile solvents containing diacetone alcohol. which will evaporate to form homogeneous films without separation of oil and pyroarlin, may be produced by incor iorating with the dinertone alcohol and oil a suitable hlcnding agentv By this term 1 mean to indicate a substance which when incorporated into a solution containing pyroxyliin non-drying oil, and diacetonc alcohol. will prevent the oil and pyroxylin from separating on dry ing, and which will cause the pyroxylin and oil "to remain as a 'hrnnogeneous film when a layer (new coniposit ion'is allowed to evnpo rate and dry. The lgdcnc'ling agent may be a single chemical 'sulistancefor a mixture of several." I liaref'oimdnormal hut-y'l alcohol to be a particularly desirable blending agent, but it is desirable to use with the bntyl alcohol more or less of a good pyroxylin solvent, which may in itself he a blending agent, such as, for instance. hutyl acetate, light acotone oil (a commercial distillate consisting mainly of ketones boiling between 90 C. and 130 0,) amy] acetate or ainyl alcohol: or which is not i'tself a blending agent or has only .weak bl'endin 2 power, such as methylethyl ketone. acetone, ethyl acetate, metliylaceta-te, methyl alcohol, or the commercial mixture Whichis known as methylacetonefl 13ut'l alcohol is "an alcohol of coinpaaitively high boiling joint; namely, approximately 116 C.' It is not itself a solvent of py'roxylin, but will be taken in large proportions into solvent mixtures containing pyroxylin.

My invfntion accordingly comprises the producing the solutions suitable for producing hoino eneous films and coatings. which consi'stsfni so treatinga solution containing pyroxlyin, oil an diacetone alcohol that the oil and pyroxylin will not separate on the evaporation of the volatile ingredients of the composition; the production of a homogeneous volatile solvent containing diacetone alcohol and a blending agent which will dissolve pyrox' lin an non-drying oil to form solutions w nch Wlll dry without separation or local concentration of the oil, and the production of a solution of pyroxylin and non-drying Oil in a volatile solvent, such as that just referredto, containing diacetone alcohol and a blending agent.

The blendin for the particu ar oil used, under the conditions of the composition and its conditions of use; it should have a certain allinity for yroxylin, but may be alone a non-solvent or yroxylin as, for instance, normal butyl alco 01, or a solvent, as, for instance, butyl or amyl acetate. Butyl alcohol is a particularly desirable blending agentbecause it has a desirable rate of evaporation, neither too fast or too slow a faint and agreeable odor, and does not inipart an objectionable clinging solvent odor to the film, resulting from the use of the com osition.

T e amount of blending agent which it is desirable to use will depend u on the particular blending agent selects the nature of the composition, the amount of pyroxylin, diacetone alcohol, and oil, and the articular oil used. It will also be influenced by other components which may be present, such as, for instance, 1m r'esms, etc. If the composition is to e used withforced drying it is desirable to use more blending agent than would be necessary if it were to be allowed to dry at ordinary temperature, out of a direct draft. It is also desirable to use more blending agent if several successive coats of the composition are to be applied. For instance, a composition consisting of one-half pound of pyroxylin, one and onehalf pounds of castor oil, one-tenth of a gallon of diacetone alcohol, four-tenths of a.

gallon ofacetone and five-tenths of a gallon of benzol, forms a clear bright solution, but if a layer be allowed to eva crate the oil and the pyroxylin separate, orming a white, Streaky weak film due to the spewing of the oil, If, however, one-eighth of a allon of butyl alcohol, or of amyl acetate e added to the composition, layers dry to bright, homogeneous films, the spewing of the oil being entirely prevented. To entirely prevent this spewing with a blending agent consisting of light acetone oil, (so called white oil,) at least thirty.-five-one-hundredths of a allon should be used.

he process may be greatly varied to meet specific requirements. As an exam 1e of my process I produce a com osition suitable for coating leather, particu arly splits, by dis solving forty pounds of pyroxylin and forty pounds of Castor oil in twenty-eight gallons of methyl-ethyl ketone, five gallons of diaceagent should be a solvent and because it has only tone alcohol twenty-five gallons of normal butyl alcohol and orty-two gallons of ben- In this com osition the meth l-eth l ketone may be re aced by certain ot er en stances as sta such as methyl alcohol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetone, or methyl acetone, etc.

Another ood composition,for example may be ma e by dissolving fifty pounds 0 pyroxylin and one hundred pounds of boiled blown rape seed oil in thirty gallons of ethyl acetate, four gallons of diacetone alcohol and fifty gallons of benzol, and sixteen gallons of but 1 acetate.

Suc compositions, when applied to a suitable support, such as, for instance, leather,

and allowed to evaporate and dry leave clear.

homogeneous films or coatings which are notsticky and without separating out oil, such i as are entirel suitable for the articular purpose for w ich they are inten ed. Successive coatin s of these compositions may be applied wit out any separation or irregular concentration of oil in the composite finish. Other materials, such as, for instance, dyes or pigments may be incorporated in the composition to produce particular technical effects, and the composition and relative proportions may be eatly varied as will be evident to those ski led in the art.

The oil contained in the composition may be a liquid glycerid, such as castor oil or other nondrying oil of the character referred to above. An excess of butyl alcohol over the proportion necessary to revent separation of the oil and pyroxylin on evaporation of the composition is often useful as an excellent filler of the solvent mass, by the use of which the rate of evaporation of the whole mass may be desirably controlled. The film or coating which is left after the evaporation of the volatile ingredients comprises pyroxylin and the oil, apparently in solid solution, traces of the various solvents hol, said composition being adapted to form'- a firm homo eneous film or coating containing pyroxylm and said oil, without separation of the oil upon the evaporation of the volatile solvent.

3. As a new composition of matter, a solution of pyroxylin and an oil in a volatile solvent containing diacetone alcohol and butyl alcohol, said compositlon being adapted to form a homogeneous film or coating on drying.

41 s a new composition of matter, a s olu-' tion of pyroxylin and a non-drying oil in a volatile solvent comprisin diacetone alcohol, a blending agent, an diluent volatile liquid, which will leave a homogeneous film or coating of pyroxylin and oil, on drying.

5. As a new composition of matter, a coating'composition comprising pyroxylin, a non-drying oil, adapted to impart flexibility to the dried film or coating, diacetone alcohe], and a blending agent.

6. As a new composition of matter, a coating composition comprising pyroxylin, a non drying oil, diacetone alcohol, and normal butyl alcohol;

7. As a new composition of matter, a homogeneous volatile solvent containin diacetone alcohol and butyl alcohol, w ich solvent will dissolve yroxylin and non-drying oil, forming so utions which will dry without separation orlocal concentration of the oil.

8. As a new composition of matter, a homogeneous volatile solvent containing diacetone alcohol and a blending agent, which solvent will dimolve p'yroxylin'and non-drying oil, formin without separation or local concentration of the oil.

fiLAs, a new' composition. of matter, a homogeneous volatile solvent containing diaoetone alcohol, butyl alcohol and a lowboi ing pyroxylin solvent, which solvent will dissolvepyroxlin and non-drying oil, forming solutions which will dry without sepa ration or local concentration of the oil.

10. As a new composition of matter, a homogeneous volatile solvent containing diacetone alcohol, butyl alcohol, a low-boiling pyroxylin solvent, and a diluent which homogeneous volatile solvent will dissolve pyroxylinand non-dryin oil, forming solutions which will dry wit out separation or local concentration of the oil.

11. As a new composition of matter, a homogeneous volatile solvent containin diacetone alcohol, butyl alcohol and a v0 atile ketone, which solvent will dissolve pyroxylin and non-drying oil, forming solutions which solutions which will dry will dry without separation or local concentration of the oil,

12. As a new composition of matter, a coatin composition comprising a non-dryin oi and pyroxylin dissolved in a volatile so vent containing diacetone alcohol, normal 'butyl alcohol and a low-boiling pyroxylin solvent.

13. As a new composition of matter, a coating composition comprising a non-drying oil and pyroxylin dissolved in a volatile so vent containing diacetone alcohol, normal butyl alcohol, a low-boiling pyroxlyin solvent and a diluent.

14. As a new composition of matter. a coating composition comprising a non-drying oil and pyroxylin dissolved in a volatile solvent containing diacetone alcohol, normal V butyl alcohol and a volatile ketone.

15. As a new composition of matter, a coating composition comprising a non-drying oil and pyroxylin dissolved in a volatile so vent containing diacetonc alcohol, normal butyl alcohol, a volatile ketone, and benzolr 16. As a new composition of matter, a coating composition comprising castor oil and pyroxylin dissolved in a volatile solvent containing (liacetone alcohol and a blending agent.

17. The process of producing solutions suitable for lacquers, varnishes, and producing films and coatings, which consists in dissolving pyroxylin, and a non-drying oil in a volatile solvent containing diacetone alcohol and a blending agent which will prevent the oil and pyroxylin separating on evaporating the volatile portion of the composition.

18. The process of producing compositions suitable for lacquers and varnishes and for producing films and coatings which consists in dissolving pyroxylin and a non-drying oil in a volatile solvent containing diacetone alcohol and but 1 alcohol in such relative amounts that he oil and pyroxylin will form a homogeneous film on drying a layer of the composition,

This s ecification signed and witnessed this 4th ray of December, 1918.

WILLIAM F. DOERFLINGER.

Witnesses Dvm SMITH, I. MCINTOSH. 

